P. Pushpangadan Model of benefit sharing.

6. Industrial - Urban types:

They are mostly the uprooted tribes mainly from the degraded forests and migrated to cities in search of jobs on account of loss of their traditional occupation. Many of them are focused working as bonded labourers and working in the construction sites of almost all cities and towns of India ( 5 to 10%).

Independent India tried to improve the conditions of tribals in the country.During 1970-80, the Ministry of Home Affairs, Govt. of India reviewed the development problem of the primitive tribals and came to the conclusion that there should be no rush with our blue print of development for them, rather seek entry point which are acceptable to the tribals.

Culture & Traditions:

The tribal communities have their own unique culture, customes , traditions, rituals & beliefs which are uniquely distinct for each tribe. Some of them have very elaborate and highly fascinating ritual dances, with colourful customes, which they make with flowers,plant parts, feathers/plumes and natural colours. In short, the culture, traditions, music, arts etc of tribal communities of india add to the texture & luster of the great Indian civilization.

 

 

 

 

 

Tribal Dependence on the Forest Wealth:

The forests play a very significant role in tribal's life, particularly to those nomadic and semi-nomadic groups who live inside forests and depend forest flora and fauna heavily for food, medicine and other material requirements. They also depend on Non Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) like gums, dyes, resins, medicine, cane, reed, etc. These NTFPs were either bartered or sold to the middlemen for procuring things from the market. Middlemen very often exploit the tribals. In many states, the local Governments helped the tribals to run cooperative societies to market the NTFPs, but most of them have become either defunct or ineffective. The exploitation of the forest resources by outsiders has degraded the forest causing great hardship to the tribals. The various restrictions and regulations imposed by the Forest department have also caused great misery and unrest among the tribal communities in the country.

Tribal Economy:

The tribal communities in India inhabit mostly in the forested regions where they have lived in isolation for long period, but in perfect harmony with nature. They are the children of forests and totally submitted to the forest setting since ages.

 
 
 
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